በናይጄሪያ ውስጥ ከመጠን ያለፈ ውፍረት መስፋፋትን መረዳት

ናይጄሪያ ውስጥ ውፍረት

ናይጄሪያ ከመጠን ያለፈ ውፍረት ስጋት ገጥሟታል. በ2020 (1) ናይጄሪያ ውስጥ ወደ አስራ ሁለት ሚሊዮን የሚጠጉ ሰዎች ውፍረት እንደሚኖራቸው ይገመታል. በተዘጋጁ ምግቦች አጠቃቀም የሚታወቀው የአመጋገብ ስርዓት ለውጥ ከመጠን ያለፈ ውፍረት (1) ጨምሯል.

በአፍሪካ ኢኮኖሚ በማደግ ላይ ያለ ውፍረት

በአንጻሩ እንደ አክራ (ጋና) እና ኪንሻሳ (ዲሞክራቲክ ኮንጎ ሪፐብሊክ ኮንጎ) ያሉ የኤኮኖሚ ከተሞች ከናይጄሪያ ጋር በቅርበት ከመጠን ያለፈ ውፍረት መጠን ይጋራሉ፣ ይህም የከተማ መስፋፋት በባህላዊ ምግቦች (4, 5) ላይ ያለውን ተጽእኖ ያሳያል.  በአንፃሩ፣ መረጃዎች እንደሚያሳዩት በግብፅ ውስጥ ከናይጄሪያ (6፣7) የበለጠ ከመጠን ያለፈ ውፍረት አለ.

ሌጎስ እና አቡጃ፣ የናይጄሪያ ዋና ዋና የከተማ ማዕከላት፣ ከመጠን ያለፈ ውፍረት (1) ይጨምራሉ። ከሌሎች ከተሞች የተገኘ ውፍረት አኃዛዊ መረጃ እንደሚያመለክተው ከሃያ በመቶ በላይ የሚሆኑ የለንደን ነዋሪዎች ከመጠን በላይ ውፍረት ያላቸው (2) እና ከአስራ ሁለት በመቶ በላይ የሚሆኑት የኒው ዮርክ ነዋሪዎች ከመጠን በላይ ወፍራም ናቸው (3). ስለዚህ በናይጄሪያ ከተሞች ውስጥ ያለው ውፍረት ከአንዳንድ ትላልቅ የምዕራባውያን ከተሞች ያነሰ ነው (1፣2).

እንደ ቶኪዮ ያሉ የጃፓን ከተሞች ከምዕራባውያን ከተሞች ጋር ሲነፃፀሩ ባልተለመደ ሁኔታ ዝቅተኛ የሆነ ውፍረት ያሳያሉ። እንደ ቶኪዮ ባሉ ከተሞች ከመብላትና ከመራመድ ጋር የተያያዙ ባህሪያት እነዚህ ግለሰቦች ዝቅተኛ ውፍረት እንዲኖራቸው ሊረዳቸው ይችላል. ስለዚህ እንደ አቡጃ እና ሌጎስ ባሉ ትላልቅ የናይጄሪያ ከተሞች ውስጥ ከመጠን ያለፈ ውፍረት መጨመር የማይቀር ሆኖ መታየት የለበትም. ማድሪድ ከለንደን እና ከኒውዮርክ ሲቲ (8) ያነሰ መጠጋጋት ያለባት ሌላዋ ከተማ ነች.

ይህ የክብደት መጠን ማጠቃለያ የአመጋገብ ልማዶች እና የአኗኗር ዘይቤ ከመጠን በላይ ውፍረት ላይ ያለውን ተጽእኖ ያሳያል.  ስለዚህ እንደ ሌጎስ እና አቡጃ ያሉ ከተሞች አሁንም በምዕራቡ ዓለም የሚታዩ ከመጠን ያለፈ ውፍረት ጋር የተያያዙ ጉዳዮችን መከላከል በሚቻልበት ደረጃ ላይ ይገኛሉ.

ተጨማሪ ንባብ

(1) Adeloye, D., Ige-Elegbede, J.O., Ezejimofor, M., Owolabi, E.O., Ezeigwe, N., Omoyele, C., Mpazanje, R.G., Dewan, M.T., Agogo, E., Gadanya, M.A. and Alemu, W., 2021. Estimating the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Nigeria in 2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of medicine, 53(1), pp.495-507. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/07853890.2021.1897665 

(2) Aswathikutty, A., Marcenes, W., Stansfeld, S.A. and Bernabé, E., 2017. Obesity, physical activity and traumatic dental injuries in adolescents from East London. Dental traumatology, 33(2), pp.137-142. https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10069253/7/Aswathikutty_Obesity_physical_activity_and_ASWATHIKUTTY_Publishedonline19January2017_GREEN_AAM_.pdf  

(3) Tamakoshi, A., Yatsuya, H., Lin, Y., Tamakoshi, K., Kondo, T., Suzuki, S., Yagyu, K., Kikuchi, S. and JACC Study Group, 2010. BMI and all‐cause mortality among Japanese older adults: findings from the Japan collaborative cohort study. Obesity, 18(2), pp.362-369.  https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1038/oby.2009.190 

(4) Duda, R.B., Darko, R., Seffah, J., Adanu, R.M., Anarfi, J.K. and Hill, A.G., 2007. Prevalence of obesity in women of Accra, Ghana. African Journal of Health Sciences, 14(3), pp.154-159. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajhs/article/download/30855/62546 

(5) On’Kin, J.K.L., Longo-Mbenza, B., Okwe, A.N. and Kabangu, N.K., 2007. Survey of abdominal obesities in an adult urban population of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Cardiovascular Journal of Africa, 18(5), p.300. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975547/ 

(6) Mowafi, M., Khadr, Z., Kawachi, I., Subramanian, S.V., Hill, A. and Bennett, G.G., 2014. Socioeconomic status and obesity in Cairo, Egypt: a heavy burden for all. Journal of epidemiology and global health, 4(1), pp.13-21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210600613000877 

(7) Aboulghate, M., Elaghoury, A., Elebrashy, I., Elkafrawy, N., Elshishiney, G., Abul-Magd, E., Bassiouny, E., Toaima, D., Elezbawy, B., Fasseeh, A. and Abaza, S., 2021. The burden of obesity in Egypt. Frontiers in public health, 9, p.718978. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.718978/full 

(8) Cereijo, L., Gullón, P., Del Cura, I., Valadés, D., Bilal, U., Badland, H. and Franco, M., 2022. Exercise facilities and the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes in the city of Madrid. Diabetologia, 65, pp.150-158. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00125-021-05582-5